A convocation of eagles
A convocation of eagles is not a feted occasion requiring black gowns and tasseled caps. Like a murder of crows or a gaggle of geese, a convocation is the unexpected collective noun for a group of eagles.
A convocation of eagles is not a feted occasion requiring black gowns and tasseled caps. Like a murder of crows or a gaggle of geese, a convocation is the unexpected collective noun for a group of eagles.
Eagles have inspired humans throughout history – and the world. The Ancient Romans used them as a symbol of Empire. Here in the United States, the Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) is our national bird.
Native American tribes, including Hood Canal’s Skokomish, venerate the Bald Eagle. Many tribes associate the eagle with the creator. Since this bird is the strongest flyer, it is believed to carry prayers to the heavens. Feathers and other parts of the bird (such as the talons) are important to many Native American ceremonies, such as smudging, powwows, and talking circles.
At the turn of the 18th century, the Bald Eagle population was estimated to be between 300,000–500,000. In the early 20th century however, the eagle was targeted for sport and because of their perceived predation upon livestock. Between 1918 and 1930 one ornithologist estimated that approximately 70,000 bald eagles had been shot in the state of Alaska. Additionally, nesting sites were disturbed by logging and other forms of development.
The Bald Eagle Protection Act was introduced in 1940 to protect nests, eggs, feathers, and to stop the slaughter of Bald Eagles. By the 1950s, however, there were reported to be only 412 nesting pairs left in the 48 conterminous United States.
Pushed to near extinction
Further, pressure was placed upon Bald Eagles populations (and many birds of prey species) by the pesticide Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT). Since Bald Eagles are predators at the top of the food-chain, this chemical was concentrated in their prey and even the prey of their prey. This bioaccumulation disrupted the Bald Eagle’s metabolism of calcium, severely effecting fertility rates and inhibiting healthy egg production.
Bald Eagles were declared endangered in 1962.
Shari Sommerfeld Images
Revival of a species
However, this is actually a happy story. In 2007, the Bald Eagle was federally delisted from the endangered species list. With the banning of DDT in the United States in 1972 (1989 in Canada), extensive breeding programs, and the enforcement of the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act– the population soared. By 2005, in Washington State alone, it was estimated that there were over 840 breeding pairs. In 2009, the Bald Eagle population of the United States was estimated to be nearly 143,000 birds, this number is expected to stabilize at 228,000 birds in the next 5 to 15 years.
Speaking of resurgent populations, January to February is the mating season for Bald Eagles. Usually mating for life, male and females perform stunning aerobatic courtship displays with airborne talon clasping and free falls.
Along the Hood Canal, nests are in trees near water or open fields. Old cedar snags, giant spruces, or the larger coniferous trees are favorites. Both the male and female gather branches and twigs to weave into these monstrous nurseries.
Eagle nests, known as aeries or eyries, are one of the largest nests at nearly 5-6 feet in diameter and 2-4 feet in height.
The female will typically lay 1-3 eggs and both the male and female will take turns incubating the eggs for 34-36 days. After 10-12 weeks (approximately late summer), when the fledglings have left the nest, the mating pair and fledglings may travel to Northern British Columbia and Alaska to take advantage of the early salmon runs.
Shari Sommerfeld Images
To learn more about birding locations on Hood Canal, visit olympicbirdtrail.org for a list of 25 top locations around the peninsula.
A Few Eagle Facts
Bald Eagles are not actually bald, their name comes from an older term for “white- headed.”
At 80.3 inches, the Bald Eagle’s wingspan is slightly greater than a Great Blue Heron. Mature Bald Eagles can weigh between 105.8 to 222.2 oz, with the females usually weighing in on the larger end of the spectrum.
The Bald Eagle is the only eagle native to North America. There are other eagle species in North America, but they are found more globally too, whereas the Bald Eagle is specifically found in North America.
Bald Eagles have a long-life span. The oldest recorded bird in the wild was killed by a car in 2005 in New York, 38 years after being banded in the same state in 1977.
Bald Eagles have a soft, chirpy call, which runs counter to the image of a strong, powerful bird, so its call is often dubbed over in TV and movies with the call of a Red-Tailed Hawk.
Bald Eagles are capable swimmers, if their free-fall salmon dive results in a catch that is just a little too large for lift-off, they can swim ashore with their catch, using their massive wings as “oars.”
Don’t keep an illegal eagle! Possession of an eagle feather without a federally approved permit may be punishable by a $100,000 fine and/ or a year in jail. Permits are only granted to federally recognized Native American Tribal members.
10 Myths & Facts about Great Blue Herons
It’s a common sight to see the “lucky” great blue heron patiently hunting on the shores of Hood Canal and South Puget Sound. Largest of the heron species, up to 4’ in height, they actually only weigh between 5-6 pounds. Here are a few things you may not have known about these iconic Northwest birds.
It’s a common sight to see the “lucky” great blue heron patiently hunting on the shores of Hood Canal and South Puget Sound. Largest of the heron species, up to 4’ in height, they actually only weigh between 5-6 pounds. Here are a few things you may not have known about these iconic Northwest birds.
MYTH
Great blue herons only eat fish.
Great blue herons dine mostly on fish but they will also stalk everything from insects to small mammals and even other birds. In Washington, mice and voles making up a major portion of their winter diet when they choose to hunt on land.
2. FACT
Herons spend about 90 percent of waking time stalking prey.
Great blue herons grab prey in their strong beaks or use their dagger-like bills to impale. This action is known simply as a ‘bill stab’. They shake the prey to break spines before gulping them down. Great blue herons can swallow fish that are much wider than their narrow neck and have even been know to catch small birds in flight. Patience and speed are the keys to their hunting success.
3. MYTH
Great Blue Herons are cranes.
A crane is totally different type of bird. You can tell them apart by looking at the beaks and the way they fly. Cranes have shorter beaks and hold their necks straight when in flight, whereas herons curve necks into an S-shape. Herons are able to do this because of specially shaped vertebra. Great blues also fly with their legs ‘hanging” which is unique from most birds.
4. FACT
Herons are often called “Dinosaur Birds.”
Fossil records date them back 1.8 million years ago, but they are thought to have existed about 25 million years ago during the Cenozoic age. Maybe it’s also because of the prehistoric sounds they make as they take off with the giant 6’ wingspan flapping!
5. MYTH
Great Blue Herons can’t swim.
The great blue does many things that other herons choose not to do, including swimming in deep water with apparent grace and comfort. A quick search on the internet will show multiple accredited images of herons happily swimming in deep water. It’s not a common occurrence though, so consider yourself lucky if you catch sight of this phenomena. Swimming is a testament to the great blue heron’s incredible adaptability.
6. FACT
Great blue herons have adapted “bib” feathers to keep them clean.
Specialized feathers on their chest grow continuously and fray into a fine cleaning powder. This powder is used to help groom their entire body and clean off fish slime.
7. MYTH
Great Blue Herons are monogamous.❤️
Not technically. Great blues are known to be ‘serial monogamous’ — they have one partner for a year but choose a different one each mating season. Despite being territorial with other herons, they typically breed in nesting colonies at the tops of trees containing up to 500 breeding pairs. These colonies are called “heronries.” They obviously do not have any social distancing issues. Great blue herons generally return to the same breeding grounds each year although with different partner choices.
8. FACT
Mates work to build the nest, as well as incubate and feed their young –together.
When the mating pair is chosen, the male gathers sticks while the female weaves them into a platform nest lined with moss, grass, and small branches. She lays 2-6 blue eggs, and both parents take turns incubating them for 4 weeks until the young hatch. They also take turns feeding regurgitated prey to the young chicks.
9. Myth
Heron chicks have yellow eyes when they are born.
Heron chicks have gray eyes when born that become bright yellow when they are adults. The parents continue feeding the nestlings for a few weeks after fledging (leaving) the nest. Young herons will fledge at around two months.
10. FACT
Great blue herons’ colors can demonstrate age, sex, and mating season.
Adult males are larger and generally have brighter orange legs than a female. During breeding season, the lore (the lore is the region between the eye and bill) will turn a bright blue, the iris will turn reddish, and the yellow bill will take on an orange hue.
A couple other things you didn’t need to know about great blue herons:
To keep cool they flutter their throat muscles to increase evaporation.
It can take up to two weeks to build a nest.
Life expectancy of a great blue heron is 15-23 years
Despite their size they can fly as fast as 30 MPH.
An adult heron consumes up to one pound of fish per day.
Learn more
The Cornell Lab - all about birds
Audubon - Great Blue Heron guide
Olympic Bird Trail - Top birding locations on Hood Canal, South Puget Sound, Pacific Coast, and Olympic Peninsula
Tips for taking your dog to The park
For dog families, it’s not a hike, camp out or road trip unless your four-legged trail buddy comes with you. While embarking on the adventure is optional, getting back healthy and whole is mandatory! Washington State Parks has some tips to leave you with only good memories when you visit.
For dog families, it’s not a hike, camp out or road trip unless your four-legged trail buddy comes with you. While embarking on the adventure is optional, getting back healthy and whole is mandatory! Washington State Parks has some tips to leave you with only good memories when you visit.
Trail tips
We know your dog wants to run free, but leash rules are not a punishment – they’re there for everyone’s safety. Your pup may be a big softie, but even saying, “It’s okay, they're friendly,” won’t assuage some peoples’ fear. Keep your dog from approaching people unless someone asks to pet him or her. Conversely, if your dog is not dog or people-friendly, please warn folks – especially children, before they get close.
Predator or prey?
In the natural pecking order, a dog can be seen as prey to some wildlife (raptors, big cats, coyotes, black bears) and a predator to others (deer, rabbits, marmot, turkey, horses). Leashing your pet can be the thing that keeps them from dinner – both eating and becoming.
Keep in mind that most prey will fight back, and getting gored by a deer is not how you want your pup to end their vacation. Also, when dogs chase wildlife – or something they see or smell – they can get lost or into deep water. Even if your dog is behaved at home, parks are abnormal environments that might be tempting for an off-leash dog to ignore. Tricky whales, seals and waterfowl have been known to lure dogs out into the water and exhaust them.
Trail hazard?
On mixed-use trails, heel or pick up your pooch if a horse or a mountain bike comes by. A horse can easily spook and injure itself, its rider or your party. Mountain bikes zip downhill at high speeds, and you don’t want your dog to chase and get in an accident.
Be my neighbor?
Camping with dogs is just fun. Pups provide warm cuddles and a feeling of safety for solo campers. And dogs + kids + snuggles in the tent go together like chocolate, graham crackers and marshmallows around the campfire.
But dogs hear and smell things we don’t, and they often feel the need to alert us. Your neighbors, however, may not appreciate Fido howling a warning at 2 a.m.
Consider booking a campsite on the end and/or outside part of the campground loop. One Parks staffer says she parks her car between her site and her neighbors’ to minimize stimuli.
Most parks welcome dogs, but we do have a few culturally or environmentally sensitive areas where they’re not allowed. Look up your destination on parks.wa.gov to make sure bud can accompany you on all parts of your state park getaway.
6 Tips for Hike Savvy Canines
Like house-bound humans, dogs need a little prep time to get ready for the trail. Here are six tips to help you and Fido have a safe and fun adventure.
#1 Take it Easy : Start with easy trails and slowly build up stamina & strength.
#2 Care for Tender Paws: Make sure your dog's pads are toughened or purchase hiking booties and let him get used to them before heading into the wild.
#3 Yield to oncoming traffic: No matter how sweet Fido appears, its good practice to verbalize how friendly he is. Step off the trail when hikers pass and heel your dog.
#4 Leash Control: If the trail requires leashes or if if your dog might run into other hikers, keep him on a short leash (-6') since a long leash is more likely to get tangled on brush. Your dog should not be allowed to roam freely.
#5 Leave no trace: Bring bags to collect and carry out your dog’s poop. If you’ll be backpacking overnight, bury it at least 6” deep and at least 200 ' from walkways, camps, and water sources.
#6 Command Ready: Hazards in the woods differ than the cul de sac. Don’t let your dog stray. Some plants are poisonous, and some creatures bite and may host diseases. Irressistable smells will lure pooch away in a flash. Make sure your obedience training is on track.
Visit backpacker.com for more ideas on a safe and rewarding journey!
A Hood Canal Road Trip
Ahh... road trips –there’s nothing that holds more appeal than the classic road trip – discovering new places, trying new things. Getting away from it all is as easy as heading to the South Sound via the Tacoma Narrows Bridge or by catching the Bremerton ferry for the 22 minute drive to Belfair, WA at the head of Hood Canal.
Ahh... road trips –there’s nothing that holds more appeal than the classic road trip – discovering new places, trying new things – Here's a sample itinerary to get you dreaming about discovering your adventures on Hood Canal.
Getting away from it all is as easy as heading to the South Sound via the Tacoma Narrows Bridge or by catching the Bremerton ferry for the drive to Belfair, at the head of Hood Canal.
Belfair, WA ( 22 minutes, 14 miles | Via SR 3 S)
Nestled between the North Bay of the Puget Sound and the southern hook of Hood Canal, Belfair is a great place for road trip supplies or to have lunch before heading off to explore the 130+ acre birder's dream wetlands, Theler Wetlands Nature Preserve. visit local craft brewery, Bent Bine Brew Co, to try their new brews. Hankering for wine? Check out the award winning Mosquito Fleet Winery, also calling Belfair home.
Twanoh State Park includes 3,167' of saltwater shoreline.
Twanoh State Park (14 minutes; 9.2 miles | via SR 106 W)
Twanoh State Park's 182 acres include 3,167 feet (965 m) of saltwater shoreline and 2.5 miles of inland hiking trails. Gather shellfish off the public beaches (when open) or simply take a walk on one of the many trails.
Alderbrook Resort & Spa (7 minutes, 5.2 miles | Via SR 106 W)
Since 1913, generations of visitors have enjoyed the rustic, albeit very luxurious, charm of this canal-side retreat on 88 acres, which include an 18-hole golf course. The 77 guest rooms are ideal for a rejuvenating escape, while the 16 cozy cottages are perfect for family fun. Complete with a waterfront restaurant, dock, and saltwater pool and spa, the Resort also offers access to boating from kayak rentals to multi-person cruises. Alderbrook Resort & Spa (Union, 10 E Alderbrook Dr, (360) 898-2200).
Union, WA (6 minutes, 2.4 miles | Via SR 106 W)
The spectacular views from Union are not to be taken lightly. Here is definitely the best vantage point to view the Olympic range. On the journey to Union's center, take a moment to admire the historic Dalby Water Wheel and stop in at Cameo Boutique for some great shopping of local items as well as the newly minted Hood Canale with a wood fire pizza and a spectaculr selection of wines. In Union check out the Union Country Store (5130 SR 106) for fresh bakery goods and all you need to continue on your adventure. Across the road, on the waterside, 2 Margaritas Restaurant serves Mexican food; while the Union City Market stocks everything from gifts and collectables to homemade candy and fresh oysters!
Hunter Farms (5 minutes, 3.4 miles | Via SR 106 W)
The drive along the Skokomish delta is simply perfect. As the road weaves it's path around the shoreline, you are treated to glimpses of the Olympics filtered through patches of arbutus clinging to the beach edge. Before the road forks west, you are greeted by an immense red barn. This is Hunter Farms. Stop and stretch your legs, check out the many animals and fresh produce as well as a selection of locally made products. Visit the onsite information kiosk –but most of all, get a generous cone filled with locally sourced (as in the Skokomish Valley less than 5 miles away!), Olympic Mountain Ice Cream. Amazing.
High Steel Bridge (26 minutes, 13 miles | Via W Skokomish Valley Rd
If you are up for a short diversion from the Hood Canal Loop, consider a trip to the historic High Steel Bridge that spans the gorge and sits a staggering 427’ above the mighty South Fork of the Skokomish River. Built in 1929, the vertigo-inducing Bridge (NF-2340) has an uncontested view of Vincent Creek Falls, and is easily accessed from Hwy 101. Use caution as the guardrails are decidedly short and the fall is a long way.
Potlatch, WA ( 5 minutes, 3.7 miles | Via WA-106 W and US-101 N)
Potlatch State Park is a 57-acre camping park with 9,570 feet of saltwater shoreline on Hood Canal. The park's grounds are home to a variety of activities, from interpretive programs for kids to boating and shellfish harvesting. Featuring clear, often calm waters, Potlach is a favorite with divers and kayakers, too.
Hoodsport, WA (5 minutes, 3.3 miles | Via US-101 N)
Hoodsport is a seaside town perched on the western shores of the Hood Canal beneath the shadow of the Olympic Range. Here you will find plenty of shops and dining as well as two wineries: Hoodsport Winery and Stottle Winery; as well as a distillery, The Hardware Distillery. Using water from the Olympic National Forest, The Hardware Distillery offers a variety of delectable hand crafted spirits and gorgeous view to enjoy while sipping away in their ambient tasting room. Hoodsport also serves as the gateway tp the Olympic National Park Staircase Entrance. At the foot of the hill, heading up to Lake Cushman, stop by the Hoodsport Information Center (N 150 Lake Cushman Rd) for great tips on road/trail conditions; permits and maps and friendly guidance.
Lilliwaup, WA ( 7 minutes, 4.5 miles | Via US-101 N)
Situated on the west shore of Hood Canal, Lilliwaup is a small town with a BIG history and a love of shellfish. Peppered with serene beaches and surrounded by endless hiking trails, Lilliwaup is all about relaxation and rejuvenation. Located in the area is Mike's Beach Resort. One of the oldest and most picturesque resorts in Hood Canal with a unique blend of the rustic look of the Northwest and the relaxed, cozy, and charming chalet style. A dock and mooring buoys as well as rowboats, paddleboat, and a ocean kayak are available for rent. Pet friendly. This is also the home to the Olympic Oyster Co. so you can be sure to enjoy some of the finest oysters on your stay! The Lilliwaup Store is also a great place to get your fill on Olympic Mountain Ice Cream.
Hama Hama Store and Oyster Saloon ( 8 minutes, 7 miles | Via US-101 N)
Family owned and operated, the Hama Hama Company has been harvesting oysters and clams on Hood Canal for four generations. Their store and outdoor restaurant, the Oyster Saloon, are located a shell’s-throw from the tide flats. A visit to the farm is the best way to experience Hood Canal oysters in their native habitat. Come during the week to see the shucking crew in action, and ask for one of their self guided tour maps to better explore the farm.
October is for Oysters in Mason County
With OysterFest the first weekend of October, we know its a great time to harvest oysters! Many of Washington’s public beaches are open year-round, and all you need is to check the tides and open beaches — grab your bucket, gloves, shucking knife, shellfish license, and head out to the local beach! As Jeff heads over to Verle's LLC to pick up his license and get tips on the best beaches to visit, join local harvesters Michael and Charlotte as they head to Hood Canal’s Eagle Creek beach to fill their frying pan and demonstrate shucking techniques and a quick and easy recipe for a beachside cookout! Can’t get any fresher!
With OysterFest the first weekend of October, we know it’s a great time to harvest oysters! Many of Washington’s public beaches are open year-round, and all you need is to check the tides and open beaches — grab your bucket, gloves, shucking knife, shellfish license, and head out to the local beach! As Jeff heads over to Verle's LLC to pick up his license and get tips on the best beaches to visit, join local harvesters Michael and Charlotte as they head to Hood Canal’s Eagle Creek beach to fill their frying pan and demonstrate shucking techniques and a quick and easy recipe for a beachside cookout! Can’t get any fresher!
The Top 5 | Camping on and around Hood Canal
Whether you prefer the simplicity of tent camping or the comfort of RVs there are plenty of campgrounds on and around the Hood Canal to choose from. From your campsite you can take day trips to explore surrounding forests, rivers, and beaches or just relax under the trees and listen to the birds.
Whether you prefer the simplicity of tent camping or the comfort of RVs there are plenty of campgrounds on and around the Hood Canal to choose from. From your campsite you can take day trips to explore surrounding forests, rivers, and beaches or just relax under the trees and listen to the birds. For some inspiration to plan your Summer trip to the Hood Canal the staff at Hood Canal Adventures have made up their list of top 5 favorite drive-in campgrounds.
The Top 5
#1 Collins Campground
Collins Campground is located within the U.S. National Forest in the Brinnon area. Nestled under giant Bigleaf Maple trees and directly on the Duckabush River, it contains only 16 sites with no-hook ups: and this is why we love it! From here you are within only a few miles from some of the areas most popular hiking trails including Murhut Falls, Ranger Hole and Duckabush Trail. Shellfish can be gathered nearby at the Duckabush or Dosewallips tidelands when the season is open for clam and oyster recreational harvests. The campground is first come / first served and is open mid-May through September. Visit fs.usda.gov or call the USFS Hood Canal Ranger District (360) 765-2200 for details.
#2 Seal Rock Campground
Seal Rock is another U.S. Forest Service campground in the Brinnon area, however this one is located directly on the Hood Canal with beach access. Forty-one tent and RV campsites are shaded beneath the evergreen trees, some with water views. There are no RV hook-ups but the campground does have fresh water, flush toilets and electricity in the restrooms. Oysters litter the beach at low tide for you to harvest and cook up over your campfire. The campground has an area to walk-in your small boat or kayak for exploring the Hood Canal or harvesting Dungeness and Red Rock crab. Hood Canal Adventures of Brinnon will deliver your kayaks, paddle boards, and crab pots if you choose to rent. Seal Rock Campground is first come / first served and open April through late September. Visit fs.usda.gov for details.
#3 Twanoh State Park
Twanoh State Park really has it all! Located on the southern end of the Hood Canal just outside Belfair, you’ll enjoy 22 full hook-up campsites and 25 tent sites, a pump-out station, boat launches and a dock, showers, covered picnic areas, group sites, a staffed park office and store, and even kayak rentals. Over 3,000 ft. of marine shoreline offers shell fishing opportunities and warm summer waters are perfect for swimming and water play. A few campsites are open all year but the beachfront area is open April through mid-October only. Twanoh State Park is first come / first served. Visit parks.state.wa.us or call 360-275-2222 for details.
#4 Potlatch State Park
Potlatch State Park is a 57-acre camping park with 9,570 feet of saltwater shoreline on Hood Canal. The park's beautiful grounds are home to a variety of activities, from interpretive programs for kids to boating and shellfish harvesting. The park has 19 tent spaces, 18 utility spaces, one dump station, one restroom and two showers. Sites have no hook-ups. Maximum site length is 60 feet (may have limited availability). Two of the tent sites are for primitive use (hikers and bicyclers) only. The Park is divided by Hwy 101 so choose sites that are further away from the road if possible.
#5 Lake Cushman
OK, this isn’t actually a campground but the Lake Cushman area is stunning and well worth exploring. Lake Cushman is located near Hoodsport between the Hood Canal and the Olympic Mountains. Its clear blue waters are framed by beautiful forests and snowy mountain peaks. Popular activities include fishing, hiking, climbing, boating, kayaking, and swimming. There are several campgrounds at the lake but we couldn’t agree as to which is our favorite. Therefore, here's a short list to start you off: Skokomish Park Lake Cushman with 80 RV, tent sites, boat launch, and lake access; Staircase Campground with 49 tent and RV sites on the Skokomish River at the Olympic National Park’s most southern access point; and Big Creek Campground, a 64 site U.S.F.S. Campground which also serves as the trail head to several hiking trails.
The Hood Canal area offers opportunities for camping whether they be county, state, federal, or private campgrounds. There are many back-country and boat-in only camping areas to explore. Come find your favorite! To discover more campgrounds in the area click here.
Christina Maloney is owner of Hood Canal Adventures in Brinnon, a Fisheries and Marine Biologist, and a local outdoor enthusiast.
Hundreds of varieties yet only five species | Oysters explained
There are over 150 varieties of oysters harvested and sold in North America, yet they comprise a total of only 5 species of oysters.
How does your Oyster Grow?
Have you ever wondered how the same species of oyster can have such varied flavors or textures? How does an oyster grown on Hood Canal taste brinier than one from South Puget Sound? The word to remember for your next oyster social occasion is “merrior.”
Like different wines with a “terrior,” oysters have a merrior, illustrating the fact that growing area and method make all the difference when it comes to flavor profile for your next Pacific oyster.
Not all beaches are created equal; some are muddy, some sandy, and some rocky. Each type of growing ground has opportunities and limitations for success. Muddy ground can inhibit the oysters’ ability to circulate water and food into their bodies. This had led to the adoption of culture techniques that suspend the oysters above the mud in long lines, stakes, nets or racks, and bags, while firm, sandy, or rocky bays allow for oysters to be grown right on the beach.
In addition to substrate type, location of the oysters on the beach will determine how long the oyster will take to achieve a marketable size. Oysters grown in the intertidal area are exposed to daily tidal inundation will have well developed adductor muscles and thicker shells thus being heartier for shipment. Oysters suspended in the water column for growing will have the benefit of a constant food source and thus grow quickly but will have delicate shells and be susceptible to the elements. Often times, suspended oysters are placed in the high energy intertidal environment for a few weeks prior to market to harden the shells for shipment and condition the oysters to hold their shells shut.
The method of growth can greatly change the shape of the oyster. A Pacific allowed to grow naturally on the beach will have a sturdy irregular shell with a great deal of frills. The regular exposure at low tide strengthens the shell protects the meat from heat and predators like sea stars and crabs. In Europe, where there is very limited tidal change, some farmers manually pull the oysters from the water for periods of time to mimic the tidal action.
The tumble bag creates an altered but very marketable shape for cultured oysters. Oysters are placed in the bag as small seed and the tide does the rest. The tidal flip and roll chip off the fragile lips and force the oyster to curve. The result is a deep cup in its lower shell.
“Eat shellfish to provide a healthy diet. Shellfish are low in saturated fats, containing the essential omega-3 fatty acids; are excellent protein sources; and are good sources of iron, zinc, copper and vitamin B-12.”
wsg.washington.edu
Each bay has its own selection of phytoplankton yielding oysters with different meat colors and flavors. Pacific oysters grown in Willapa Bay have a different merrior from those grown in Samish Bay. Hood Canal oysters are claimed to be more briny than the sweeter cucumber flavored bivalves grown in Hammersley Inlet or South Puget Sound waterways. Just like the well attuned vintners of the Rhone Valley, oyster connoisseurs are able to detect the subtleties of each bay by tasting the meat and observing the shell.
Know your oysters
There are over 150 varieties of oysters harvested and sold in North America, yet they comprise a total of only 5 species of oysters.
1. Olympia
OSTREA LURIDA /OSTREA CONCHAPHILA
The native oyster to Washington State, the Olympia oyster is a half dollar size with a metallic finish. The Olympia oyster fishery ran from the mid-1800s until about 1915 supplying California’s demand for oysters. The oysters were harvested from shallow bays of southern Puget Sound and Willapa Bay until pollution and over harvesting caused a collapse of the wild fishery.
2. Pacific
CRASSOSTREA GIGAS
Native to Japan, farmers began experimenting with the Pacific in 1904. Washington began importing commercial seed in the 1930’s and now it is now the most important commercial species on the West Coast. Beginning in the 1950’s researchers began to study Pacific reproduction to reduce the dependence on seed imports. Since the 1970’s local shellfish growers have relied on hatcheries for the production to meet the demand for Northwest oysters.
3. Virginica
CRASSOSTREA VIRGINICA
The decline of the Olympia oyster opened the door for the import of the Virginica from the east coast in the early 1900’s. The eastern oysters did not adapt well to local waters and experienced large die off when transplanted. There are still beds of Virginicas raised by WA shellfish farmers.
4. European Flats
OSTREA EDULIS
European Flats have smooth, round, saucer-like, flat shells with a shallow cup and seaweed-green color. They have a bold flavor with a meaty, almost crunchy texture, and intense mineral bite with a long-lasting seaweed flavor and gamey finish. There are not many farmers cultivating Flats.
5. Kumamoto
CRASSOSTREA SIKAMEA
The Kumamoto has a small deep cup and a sweet meat. Brought from Japan’s Kumamoto Prefecture, they are unable to reproduce in our cold waters so growers rely on hatchery stock. The prized cup of the Kumamoto and its limited supply has growers working with Pacifics to meet half shell demands. Growers use tumble bags to force the Pacific into a deeper cup. Oysters with names such as Kusshi, Shigoku, Sea Cow, Blue Pools, Chelsea Gems, and Baywater Sweets, are the result.
Why is it required to shuck oysters on the beach at public tidelands?
Oysters taken on public tidelands must be shucked on the beach and the shells left behind for the following conservation-based reasons according to the Washington Dept of Fish & Wildlife website, wdfw.wa.gov:
Oyster shells provide the best growing substrate for juvenile oysters. Removing the shells from a beach reduces the overall amount of setting surface. In addition, Pacific oyster shell provides an excellent setting surface for the native Olympia oyster. This is especially true in places like southern Puget Sound where the natural setting surface - Olympia oyster shells - was eliminated years ago by overharvest.
Another concern is that removing large Pacific oyster shells removes tiny oysters which are attached to the larger shells. Thus, removing a legal limit of 18 oysters may actually remove three to five times that number of oysters - young oysters which would otherwise remain on the beach and grow to edible size.
Removing oyster shells from beaches containing Japanese oyster drills (an oyster predator) may result in the inadvertent spread of these predators. Sport harvesters are unlikely to recognize these tiny predatory snails - or their egg cases - which attach to oyster shells and can survive long periods away from water. Once shucked, these shells often end up being returned to a nearby beach by well-meaning harvesters, potentially increasing the spread of the Japanese oyster drill in Washington by depositing the “hitchhikers” on a new beach.
Many public beaches already have these tiny predators, but the goal is to minimize the spread to other uninfected beaches. The surest way to prevent oyster drills or their eggs leaving an infected beach is to require oyster shells to remain on the beach.
So head to the beach and get shucking! You will need a shellfish license, an oyster knife and gloves. Adults may shuck a child's daily limit so long as the child participates in some way in the gathering. For illustrated details on two popular shucking methods, visit wdfw.wa.gov/fishing/shellfish.
Big Returns This Year On The Union River
Each year, volunteers at the Union River Chum Trap count thousands of migrating chum salmon to help monitor fish returns and assess the impact of estuary restoration. The trap uses a weir system that directs the fish into a pen, where volunteers identify and count them based on their unique markings. The majority of the fish are chum salmon, with distinct green backs and tiger stripes, especially on males. Volunteers contribute nearly 10,000 hours annually, and the Salmon Enhancement Group credits improved estuary conditions for increased fish returns. The project fosters community involvement, with families and kids encouraged to participate.
Each year, volunteers at the Union River Chum Trap count thousands of migrating chum salmon to help monitor fish returns and assess the impact of estuary restoration. The trap uses a weir system that directs the fish into a pen, where volunteers identify and count them based on their unique markings. The majority of the fish are chum salmon, with distinct green backs and tiger stripes, especially on males. Volunteers contribute nearly 10,000 hours annually, and the Salmon Enhancement Group credits improved estuary conditions for increased fish returns. The project fosters community involvement, with families and kids encouraged to participate.
Who Rescued Who?!? Answers from Shelton's Adopt-A-Pet
Adopt-A-Pet in Shelton has been rescuing animals for over 45 years, operating as a volunteer-based organization dedicated to finding homes for dogs. Currently open for adoptions by appointment, they are looking to reconnect with the community through tours and events to showcase their improved facilities. Adopt-A-Pet emphasizes the importance of finding the right match between pets and owners, often involving home visits and dog introductions. They continue to advocate for spaying and neutering to control the pet population and prevent health issues. An open house event is planned for the 28th to invite the public to learn more.
Adopt-A-Pet in Shelton has been rescuing animals for over 45 years, operating as a volunteer-based organization dedicated to finding homes for dogs. Currently open for adoptions by appointment, they are looking to reconnect with the community through tours and events to showcase their improved facilities. Adopt-A-Pet emphasizes the importance of finding the right match between pets and owners, often involving home visits and dog introductions. They continue to advocate for spaying and neutering to control the pet population and prevent health issues. An open house event is planned for the 28th to invite the public to learn more.
Reflecting On Allyn's Waterfront Park
Learn the history of the Allyn Waterfront Park, through the eyes of Dan Griffey, who grew up right next to where the park is. Dan shares memories of his father attending port meetings to secure the land for the park, a process that took time to complete. When the park started, it was a great place where Dan played ball with his friends, and eventually the community raised money for a gazebo. Despite his initial disappointment about losing the baseball field, Dan expresses pride in the park's development and its significance to his family and the community. The park now hosts various events, including Allyn Days and Memorial Day services, a testament to the community's hard work and pride.
Learn the history of the Allyn Waterfront Park, through the eyes of Dan Griffey, who grew up right next to where the park is. Dan shares memories of his father attending port meetings to secure the land for the park, a process that took time to complete. When the park started, it was a great place where Dan played ball with his friends, and eventually the community raised money for a gazebo. Despite his initial disappointment about losing the baseball field, Dan expresses pride in the park's development and its significance to his family and the community. The park now hosts various events, including Allyn Days and Memorial Day services, a testament to the community's hard work and pride.
Mason County PUD 3 Continues To Expand Drive-Up WiFi Services
During COVID, Mason PUD3 installed free public Wi-Fi hotspots to help keep kids connected, a service that continues today across Mason County. These hotspots, designed for easy access in areas with challenging terrain like Mason County, allowed residents to download school materials and other data. The Wi-Fi locations, placed in community centers and high-density areas, have seen significant usage, with daily bandwidth reaching 185 gigabytes. The service is community-focused, ensuring that even non-customers can benefit from the connectivity, emphasizing the community-owned nature of public power.
During COVID, Mason PUD3 installed free public Wi-Fi hotspots to help keep kids connected, a service that continues today across Mason County. These hotspots, designed for easy access in areas with challenging terrain like Mason County, allowed residents to download school materials and other data. The Wi-Fi locations, placed in community centers and high-density areas, have seen significant usage, with daily bandwidth reaching 185 gigabytes. The service is community-focused, ensuring that even non-customers can benefit from the connectivity, emphasizing the community-owned nature of public power.
Mixed-Use Art Space, Graffiti, Opening Soon In Shelton.
The art scene in Shelton is expanding, with new galleries, murals, and the upcoming opening of Graffiti, a mixed-use art space run by Nicole Frazier. Graffiti aims to be fully accessible, offering art classes and opportunities for both children and adults. The space will host a variety of art forms, from glasswork to woodworking, and will feature resident artists teaching and selling their work. Some of the plans include offering Native American culture classes and having a Lending Library to make art accessible for all who wish to teach or create.
The art scene in Shelton is expanding, with new galleries, murals, and the upcoming opening of Graffiti, a mixed-use art space run by Nicole Frazier. Graffiti aims to be fully accessible, offering art classes and opportunities for both children and adults. The space will host a variety of art forms, from glasswork to woodworking, and will feature resident artists teaching and selling their work. Some of the plans include offering Native American culture classes and having a Lending Library to make art accessible for all who wish to teach or create.
Tradition and Flavor Combine At Hood Canale' in Union
Hood Canale' in Union, Washington, offers a dining experience with water views, wood-fired pizza, and great wine. Owners John and Jolica DeLeva created the space with Italian tradition and Hawaiian influence, reflecting their family roots. The restaurant, known for its homemade dough and carefully selected toppings, has become a local favorite, attracting visitors worldwide. With its welcoming atmosphere and scenic location, Hood Canale' is the perfect spot to relax and enjoy a slice of pizza with a glass of wine.
Hood Canale' in Union, Washington, offers a dining experience with water views, wood-fired pizza, and great wine. Owners John and Jolica DeLeva created the space with Italian tradition and Hawaiian influence, reflecting their family roots. The restaurant, known for its homemade dough and carefully selected toppings, has become a local favorite, attracting visitors worldwide. With its welcoming atmosphere and scenic location, Hood Canale' is the perfect spot to relax and enjoy a slice of pizza with a glass of wine.
Annie's Quilt Shoppe, a tourist activity? It sure is!
Annie's Quilt Shop on Olympic Highway North In Shelton, WA is a destination for quilting enthusiasts, attracting thousands of visitors annually. Quilting is a growing industry, projected to reach $5 billion in the next few years. Customers travel to Annie's from across and outside the state for the new patterns and fabrics while locals enjoy personalized lessons and group classes to get the most out of their hobby.
Annie's Quilt Shop on Olympic Highway North In Shelton, WA is a destination for quilting enthusiasts, attracting thousands of visitors annually. Quilting is a growing industry, projected to reach $5 billion in the next few years. Customers travel to Annie's from across and outside the state for the new patterns and fabrics while locals enjoy personalized lessons and group classes to get the most out of their hobby.
Fair Harbor Marina - A Boaters Destination
The Fair Harbor Marina, located at the Port of Grapeview, continues to grow in popularity. Managed by Kelly Granger and his team, the marina offers 82 slips with power, water, showers, and laundry facilities; making it a convenient stop for boaters. The marina's beauty has drawn comparisons to Cape Cod and Roache Harbor on San Juan Island, and it has become a venue for weddings, corporate events, and more. An additional 8-minute dingy ride gets you to the Port of Allyn, where you can find dining and drinks.
The Fair Harbor Marina, located at the Port of Grapeview, continues to grow in popularity. Managed by Kelly Granger and his team, the marina offers 82 slips with power, water, showers, and laundry facilities; making it a convenient stop for boaters. The marina's beauty has drawn comparisons to Cape Cod and Roache Harbor on San Juan Island, and it has become a venue for weddings, corporate events, and more. An additional 8-minute dingy ride gets you to the Port of Allyn, where you can find dining and drinks.
Explore Lake Cushman Golf Course in Hoodsport, WA
Nestled in the foothills of the Olympic National Forest, Lake Cushman boasts a stunning and challenging nine-hole golf course. This beautiful course surprises first-timers with its difficulty, defying expectations of a typical short and easy nine-hole layout. The area also offers a variety of short-term rental options, from RV lots to woodsy cabins and golf course homes. The course is well-maintained, with daily cleanups to ensure it’s in top shape for golfers.
Nestled in the foothills of the Olympic National Forest, Lake Cushman boasts a stunning and challenging nine-hole golf course. This beautiful course surprises first-timers with its difficulty, defying expectations of a typical short and easy nine-hole layout. The area also offers a variety of short-term rental options, from RV lots to woodsy cabins and golf course homes. The course is well-maintained, with daily cleanups to ensure it’s in top shape for golfers.
Underwater Wonders:The Vibrant World of Nudibranchs
With their brilliant colors and unique patterns, these vibrant sea slugs captivate divers and underwater photographers alike. Despite their small size, nudibranchs' diversity, intriguing behaviors, and ecological significance make every encounter unique
Story and Pictures by Thom Robbins
In the Pacific Northwest, divers can't help but talk about nudibranchs. With their brilliant colors and unique patterns, these vibrant sea slugs captivate divers and underwater photographers alike. Despite their small size, nudibranchs' diversity, intriguing behaviors, and ecological significance make every encounter unique. Observing their feeding habits or marveling at their colors and patterns turns an ordinary dive into an extraordinary experience. It's no wonder dive enthusiasts travel from around the world to places like the Salish Sea to see these mesmerizing creatures.
How to pronounce “Nudibranch”
The word nudibranch is pronounced “Noo-de-brank”, with the ‘ch’ making a ‘k’ sound. The name nudibranch comes from Latin and Greek. “Nudi” means naked in Latin, and “Brankia” means gills in Greek. This name suits them well since their gills are exposed on their backs.
Nudibranchs, or sea slugs, are marine gastropod mollusks with unique sensory systems. They belong to the Mollusk family, which includes snails, slugs, and octopuses, and are closely related to land-based slugs and snails. With their dazzling colors and intricate patterns, nudibranchs are some of the ocean's most visually striking creatures. They have long captured the imagination of both scientists and divers. With about 3,000 known species of nudibranchs worldwide, scientists believe many more remain undiscovered. Approximately 300 species have been documented in the Salish Sea. With their extraordinary colors and behaviors, nudibranchs are a fantastic example of evolution and still hold many mysteries.
Nudibranchs have been known to humans for thousands of years, but scientific classification began in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The first recorded description was in 1691 by English naturalist John Ray, who described a species of "sea mouse." Recent advances in technology and imaging have made studying nudibranchs easier, revealing new insights into their biology and behavior. High-resolution microscopes and genetic analysis techniques help scientists examine their anatomy and evolutionary history in greater detail.
Nudibranchs are primarily found on the ocean floor, where they gracefully navigate using a broad, flat muscle on their underside called a foot. This muscular foot allows them to glide slowly over the substrate, often at a pace of just a few centimeters per minute. However, some species can swim short distances in the water column by undulating their foot muscle in rhythmic waves. This unique movement, though still relatively slow compared to other marine creatures, adds elegance and adaptability to these fascinating sea slugs as they explore the diverse habitats of the Salish Sea.
Nudibranchs are omnivorous and have oral tentacles near their mouths that act like hands to help them search for food. They also possess a set of curved teeth called a radula, similar to a toothed tongue. The radula allows them to scrape food off surfaces, munching on various organisms, including hydroids, seaweed, corals, algae, barnacles, fish eggs, sponges, anemones, and even other nudibranchs. While some species enjoy a diverse diet, others are picky eaters, consuming only one type of prey. Interestingly, some nudibranchs can even feed on other sea slugs, including those of their species. In this way, nudibranchs play a crucial role in the Salish Sea's food web, helping regulate other organisms' populations.
Nudibranchs have poor vision and can only discern light and dark, so they sense the world through two highly sensitive tentacles called rhinophores on their heads. Unfortunately, these rhinophores tend to stick out and serve as a lure for hungry fish. However, most nudibranchs can withdraw their rhinophores into a receptacle in their skin when they sense danger.
Nudibranchs also have symbiotic relationships with certain organisms in the Salish Sea—for example, some nudibranchs partner with zooxanthellae, a type of algae that lives inside their bodies. The nudibranch provides a safe and protected environment for the algae, and in return, the algae give the nudibranch energy through photosynthesis.
Gallery of nudis
Photos by Thom Robbins
The Lifecycle of a Nudibranch
Nudibranchs are hermaphrodites, possessing both male and female reproductive organs, allowing them to mate with any mature species member. Finding a suitable mate can be challenging as they must locate a partner of appropriate size, age, and species. Although mating is crucial for survival, nudibranch mating behavior is not fully understood.
Since nudibranchs do not roam far and have a short lifespan, ranging from one week to one year, their survival depends on mating whenever the opportunity arises. After a brief courtship, the mating ritual takes only a few minutes. Nudibranchs lay ribbon-like egg masses that hatch into free-swimming larvae, eventually settling on the seafloor as adults.
When two nudibranchs meet, they engage in a mating dance involving various physical interactions, which differ depending on the species.
Several nudibranch species have interesting mating practices and reproductive strategies. For instance, the sea lemon nudibranch is known for its elaborate courtship dances, while the opalescent nudibranch has more solitary and secretive mating habits. The mating process finishes with one nudibranch inserting its penis into the other's genital opening to transfer sperm and fertilize the eggs.
The dance of the sea lemon nudibranch is a captivating display of intricate behaviors. It begins with the nudibranchs detecting chemical signals through their rhinophores and sensory organs. Once a potential mate is identified, they initiate a series of movements and interactions. Sea lemons may swim in circles around each other, using rhythmic body contractions to create water currents.
They align their bodies and exchange tactile touches using oral tentacles and rhinophores, including stroking or tapping each other. These interactions allow them to assess their potential mate's size, texture, and readiness and to exchange chemical cues through skin contact to determine compatibility and reproductive readiness. The sea lemon courtship can last several minutes or even hours. If they find a compatible mate, they align their bodies side by side and mate.
The opalescent nudibranch engages in a mesmerizing courtship behavior known as "chaining" or "following." It begins with one nudibranch following the slime trail left by another. The follower extends its oral tentacles to touch the rear end of the leading nudibranch, triggering a reciprocal response. This back-and-forth interaction can continue for quite some time.
During courtship, they may touch each other with their oral tentacles, antennae, and rhinophores, intertwining their bodies or forming a chain-like structure with multiple individuals. This behavior helps them assess each other's compatibility for mating by exchanging chemical cues through their slime trails, which convey information about reproductive state and readiness. This courtship dance allows them to determine species compatibility, identify potential mates, and ensure successful reproduction.
Nudibranchs also engage in chemical warfare during mating. They can produce and store toxic compounds from their food, such as sponges and algae, in specialized glands in their bodies. These toxins are a defense mechanism against predators and can also repel unwanted mating advances. If a nudibranch is not interested in mating, it can release a cloud of noxious chemicals to discourage further advances.
After mating, nudibranchs lay their eggs in long ribbons or strings sheathed in protective mucus. Although adults don’t care for the eggs, some species cover them with defensive chemicals to deter predators. Family size varies by species, with some laying just a few eggs and others depositing several hundred or even millions. The egg ribbon protects the developing eggs, and nudibranchs often lay them in locations that provide optimal conditions for growth and survival. The eggs hatch into tiny larvae that drift in ocean currents for several weeks before settling on a suitable substrate and developing into adult nudibranchs.
In our area, nudibranch eggs hatch in two ways: as tiny larvae with shells that swim and feed in the plankton or as miniature adults. The swimming larvae, known as veligers, must find the right food before they settle down and grow into small adults. The juvenile nudibranch feeds on tiny organisms like algae and small invertebrates for several weeks. As it grows, it will feed on larger prey such as sponges and hydroids. Nudibranchs have feeding mechanisms that set them apart from other mollusks. They have an oral hood that extends over their mouth, which they use to capture prey. This oral hood contains several rows of sharp teeth that can pierce the prey's outer layer and inject it with digestive enzymes.The time it takes for a nudibranch to grow to maturity can vary depending on the species, but it typically takes several months to a year. When the nudibranch reaches maturity, it begins to search for a mate.
Conclusion
Diving into the waters of tour area transforms the ordinary into extraordinary. As you descend, a serene quietness envelops you, like an explorer charting new frontiers. Camera in hand, navigate this alien landscape, like an astronaut on an oceanic planet. The vastness of the reef invites you to uncover its secrets. Glide along its surface, examine each nook and cranny with curiosity. Vivid marine life enchants, with each nudibranch a brilliant stroke from nature’s palette. In this underwater maze, the adventure takes an exciting turn. A nudibranch appears, its vibrant colors catching your attention. The incredible beauty of these creatures sharpens focus. Point, click, forever preserving your encounter with the dazzling nudibranch.
To learn more about diving locally to see nudibranchs, visit the Sund Rock Marine Preserve, or contact YSS Dive Charters . Both are located near Hoodsport on Hood Canal. You can also often view nudibranchs at very low tides around the docks and piers.
Author: Thom Robbins
Thom has been a diver for over thirty years and is never happier than underwater with his camera. He writes shoots, and teaches diving and photography. Thom lives in Shelton with his wife and mentor, Barb, son and two English Bulldogs. Learn more at thomrobbins.com.
Copper Creek trail
Tenacious hikers toil up steep slopes past the mines to a high shoulder on Lightning Peak. Views are limited, but the trailside cascading creek and surrounding towering primeval forest is striking. And if its solitude you seek, ye shall be rewarded.
Text and images Craig Romano
Copper Creek tumbles through a rugged area harboring several old mines. But it was mostly manganese, not copper that lured hardscrabble miners up this rough and tumble trail along Copper Creek to work several mines. After World War II the mines ceased operation and the trail to them was abandoned. But after the turn of the last century the volunteer Mount Rose Trail Crew reopened—reinforced—and extended this trail. Now tenacious hikers can toil up steep slopes past the mines to a high shoulder on Lightning Peak. Views are limited, but the trailside cascading creek and surrounding towering primeval forest is striking. And if its solitude you seek, ye shall be rewarded.
Hit the Trail
The Copper Creek Trail begins a short distance from where the North Fork Skokomish River flows into Lake Cushman. The lake which was once much smaller was dammed in 1924 to provide power to a booming Tacoma. Today the lake continues to provide hydro-electric energy and is well-known for its outdoor recreation offerings. But from 1880 until the 1940s this region was an active mining district with over 400 claims.
The Copper Creek Trail was originally built in 1915 by prospectors. After decades of abandonment, volunteers from the Mount Rose Trail Crew reopened it. They restored parts of the original tread as well as constructed new tread and pushed the trail beyond the old mines to a shoulder high on Lightening Peak. Like the original trail, this trail is steep—brutally steep in spots. And while it’s been greatly improved, it still contains some rough patches. It’s guaranteed to get your heart rate up and give your quads and hamstrings a good workout. The trail’s steepness, relative obscurity, and lack of sweeping views guarantees an uncrowded experience.Start climbing, entering a narrow and dark ravine.
Witness large stumps, testaments of the primeval giants that grew here before loggers sent them off to the mills. The area’s steep and rugged terrain made logging difficult higher up the surrounding slopes. Impressive old-growth cedars and firs will greet you as you ascend higher. Cross the crashing waterway on a good bridge. Just downstream from the bridge scan the west side of the ravine wall to spot a shaft from the Brown Mule Mine. Another shaft is located farther downstream. Use caution if you wish to explore them. The mine began operation in 1915 and produced mainly manganese and silica. The mines were busy during World War I and then slowly ceased production.
The trail now gets steeper and traverses a stretch prone to slides. Take a break at one of the trailside benches and admire a cascading tributary plummeting steep ravine walls from high above. Then continue working your way up an increasingly narrow ravine. Copper Creek crashes below your feet. The trail then gets insanely steep climbing above the creek via a series of tight switchbacks and steps.
The way eases in grade as it enters a grand forest of giant ancient cedars and Douglas-firs. At 1.4 miles, reach an easy to miss junction. Here a short trail leads left to the site of the Apex Mine. Manganese was the main metal mined here. A small amount of jacobsite was also extracted from this mine. The Apex Mine is the only known site in the country where this rare metal was mined. By and large though it was manganese, attracting most of the attention.
The entire Lake Cushman Mining District contains large concentrations of this metal which is important in steel production. During World War II operations were ramped up and pressure was put on Olympic National Park to allow access to many of the claims within the park. Attempts were made by business interests to allow for unrestricted mining within the national park. Several existing claims were allowed to continue years after the park was established. But park administrators held strong on the park’s original enabling act which didn’t allow for expanded and extended mining.
After checking out the old Apex site return to the main trail and continue steeply climbing, soon reaching another junction. Here the trail forms a loop. Head in either direction through primeval forest to attain a 3280-foot narrow shoulder of Lightning Peak. Views are limited on forested ridge, but you’ll be able get glimpses of the rugged Lightning Peak towering above and of shimmering Lake Cushman and the Elk Creek basin below. You’ll also be able to catch a decent view west to the Five Ridge Peaks and Wonder Mountain—some of the loneliest summits in the Olympics.
After closing the loop brace yourself for one knee-jarring descent. Trekking poles will definitely come in handy!
Feature author
Craig Romano
An award-winning author, photographer, ardent conservationist, Craig is also a NW trails and hiking expert. He hikes, runs, paddles, and bikes and has written about these passions for more than two dozen publications, including; Seattle Met, Backpacker, Paddler, Northwest Runner, AMC Outdoors, and Northwest Travel and Life. Craig writes weekly content for Hikeoftheweek.com and is the author of more than 25 books. Craig has been a regular columnist in Tracing the Fjord since 2019.
Mason County's Floating Water Festival......Hoodstock!
Hoodstock, Mason County's 3 day floating music and arts festival, is back with an exciting lineup for 2024. There will be vendors, food trucks, and more music! The festival supports local community initiatives and features diverse music genres, from folk to rock. Mark your calendars for August 15-17!
Hoodstock, Mason County's floating music festival, is back with an exciting lineup for 2024. The Carlile Family Band will kick off the event, followed by acts like Suped Up Fjord and the Lovely Colours. There will be vendors, food trucks, and more music at the Robin Hood stage, plus a special 21+ event in the evening. People travel from far to wide to attend, with various transportation options available. The festival supports local community initiatives and features diverse music genres, from folk to rock. Mark your calendars for August 15-17! Thanks to Terrence J Allison for the drone footage.
The Flywheel Gallery Opens In Hoodsport, WA.
A new gallery called the Flywheel has opened in Hoodsport Washington, fulfilling Jan Morris' lifelong dream of showcasing local artists and watercolor paintings. The gallery features works from regionally known artists, including Scott Fife and the late Howard Leggett. The Flywheel is a perfect spot to appreciate art and the natural surroundings of the Hood Canal.
A new gallery called the Flywheel has opened in Hoodsport Washington, fulfilling Jan Morris' lifelong dream of showcasing local artists and watercolor paintings. The gallery features works from regionally known artists, including Scott Fife and the late Howard Leggett. Visitors can enjoy drinks made with locally sourced ingredients from the Hardware Distillery while soaking in the area's scenic beauty. The Flywheel is a perfect spot to appreciate art and the natural surroundings of the Hood Canal.
Traditional Mexican along with views of the Hood Canal